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Disease with a progressive (progressive) course, which is based on a passion for ethyl alcohol. In social terms, alcoholism means alcohol abuse (drunkenness), which leads to the violation of moral and social standards of conduct injurious to their health, material and moral condition of the family, as well as affecting the health and welfare of society as a whole.
The abuse of alcohol, according to WHO, is the third after cardiovascular diseases and cancer cause of death. First, a severe form of intoxication (alcohol poisoning) – are often the cause of death at younger ages. Secondly, the abuse of alcohol may occur sudden “cardiac” death due to primary cardiac arrest or cardiac rhythm disturbances (how do i quickly get antabuse out of my body fibrillation). Thirdly, abuse alcohol are more susceptible to injury – domestic, industrial, transport. And suffer not only themselves, but also can contribute to injury by others. In addition, the risk of suicide among patients with alcoholism increases tenfold compared with the population. About half of murders committed as a state of intoxication. For the early stages of alcoholism are more characteristic of diseases such as peptic ulcer disease, trauma, cardiovascular disorders, for later – cirrhosis, polyneuritis, brain disorders. High mortality rates among men is related mainly to the increase in alcoholism. 60-70% of men who abuse alcohol, dying in the age of 50 years. Causes of alcohol consumption are different. One of them is the psychoactive effects of ethyl alcohol: naturopathic antabuse (a mood-altering), relaxing (relaxing, relaxing) and sedative (calming, sometimes causing drowsiness). The need to achieve such an effect exists in many categories of people: those with a pathological character, suffering from neurosis, poorly adapted to the society, as well as in working with emotional and physical overload. In the formation of addiction to alcohol play a large role social environment, the microclimate in the family, education, traditions, the presence of stressful situations, stress and ability to adapt to them. No doubt the influence of hereditary factors that determine how personality traits and predisposition to metabolic disturbances.
Intoxication. The degree of intoxication depends on the quality and quantity of alcohol drunk, individual sensitivity to alcohol and psycho-physical state of man. Excrete 3 degrees of drunkenness: light, medium and heavy. In typical cases at the beginning of intoxication increases mood facilitated communication. Man pleased with himself and others, become more self-confident and talkative. You receive a feeling of muscle relaxation and physical comfort. Facial expression is more expressive, the movements less precise. When passing the front of the degree of intoxication rather than benevolent mood may be irritability, resentment, malice, and sometimes aggressiveness. Criticism of ourselves and others declining. Violated coordination of movements and gait. A person may commit unmotivated, impulsive behavior. It becomes indistinct. Reduces pain and temperature sensitivity. After intoxication commonly observed symptoms of intoxication: heaviness in the head and a headache, thirst, weakness, weakness, reduced mood with apathy or irritability. Memory for the period of intoxication is usually not disturbed. There psychiatrists who prescribe antabuse and forms of intoxication, when instead of the euphoria from the very beginning of intoxication appears depressed mood, irritability to anger, resentment, which turns into acts of aggression towards others. In some cases, it heightened the mood with the motor stimulation, foolish or grotesque sharpening of character traits. Atypical forms of intoxication are usually observed in individuals who have suffered in the past traumatic brain injury, suffering taking antabuse sporadically, psychopaths. In severe intoxication symptoms observed loss of consciousness – from stunning to coma. Possibility of involuntary urination and defecation. This condition usually completely drops out of human memory. Diagnosis of alcohol is carried out on the basis of clinical data and special tests. Clinical criteria of intoxication are: bad breath, especially motor skills and speech, vegetative-vascular manifestations. Because the fact of taking alcohol is often hidden in order to avoid undesirable consequences, the experts have to examine the content of alcohol in the blood, urine using various rapid methods. Also used breathalyzer ingredients of antabuse to detect alcohol vapors in exhaled air. Treatment. The average degree of intoxication must be flushed out the stomach with a weak solution of potassium permanganate (1,5-2 l), and induce vomiting. In severe intoxication assistance is provided in a medical institution. Induce vomiting should not be, because aspiration (inhaling into the lungs) vomit. Pathological intoxication – severe mental disorder associated with intake of alcohol. Usually develops streets with defective nervous system – epilepsy, encephalopathy, psychopathy, etc. Sometimes pathological intoxication may also occur in those who show no signs of intolerance to alcohol. In these cases, is of great importance to the influence of previous adverse factors (stress, distress insomnia, starvation, overheating) which weaken the adaptive capabilities of the organism. Pathological intoxication may occur after taking even small doses of alcohol (50-100 g) and manifests a kind of mental confusion. The behavior of the patient is not connected with the real situation and is fully determined by the plot of delusional experiences. Note the pronounced affect of fear, anger or rage. The patient is excited, it is either a defensive, violent, destructive actions, or attempts to escape, avoiding the impending danger. The patient may attempt to commit suicide, being in “hopeless” situation. Duration of pathological intoxication – from several minutes to several hours. Typically, the excitation moves in a general weakness and deep sleep. Remembering what happened is completely absent. Perpetrator in a state of pathological intoxication, forensic psychiatric examination declared irresponsible, so recognition of this form of psychosis is very important. Alcoholism. The systematic use of alcohol may lead to the development of the disease with certain mental and somatic manifestations. Already in the first stage of alcoholism, there is an irresistible attraction to alcohol with the loss of quantitative control (loss of sense of proportion “). Alcoholism is also a manifestation of altered reactivity to alcohol in the form of increasing tolerance (tolerance) to alcohol and the transition to a systematic drunkenness. In case of overdose of alcohol begin to fall from the memory of the events related in time with intoxication. In the second stage of alcohol tolerance reaches a maximum value (up to 1-2 liters of vodka a day). Formed alcohol withdrawal (abstinence) syndrome, which first arose only after heavy alcoholic excesses, or after several days of drinking. Its essence lies in the fact that the day after “binge” a small amount of alcohol takes off and makes poor health condition. In healthy people, the day after intoxication are symptoms of intoxication (see above), which may be exacerbated with alcohol, which causes an aversion to alcohol. Alcohol withdrawal syndrome manifested as symptoms such as congestion face, red sclera, palpitations, increased blood pressure, sweating, pain in the heart, palpitations and antabuse reaction tremor of the extremities, weakness, broken. A number of patients having dyspeptic disorders: abdominal pain, loss of appetite, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea. Initially, the patients in connection with social and ethical reasons may refrain from opohmeleniya in the morning. However, this process can take place after work in the afternoon. Sometimes during the day, the patient is not working, and dreaming about the time when he can finally opohmelitsya. With the passage of time to physical manifestations of mental hangover join. In the state of hangover mood changes with a predominance of depression, anxiety, fear. There are thoughts about his own guilt, the universal condemnation. Dream becomes antabuse side effects superficial to the nightmares and frequent awakenings. Early appearance crapulent mental disorders, as well as their dominance over the somatic indicates the possibility of later psychosis. The maximum severity of withdrawal effects reach for the 3rd day of abstinence from alcohol. In stage II patients drank alcohol daily for many years. Breaks in alcoholism are usually determined by external circumstances: the lack of money, service complications, family conflicts. The attraction is to alcohol and physical abilities to continue drinking persist. Stage III agkogolizma. Reduces tolerance to alcohol. Intoxication arises from smaller than before, doses of alcohol. Many people start to use vodka instead of fortified wines. In these cases, the patient is constantly in a state of intoxication, though shallow. Along with the quantitative control is lost and situational. Alcoholic drinks produced by any means, without the ethical and social norms of behavior. A number of patients with alcohol abuse becomes the true nature of his drinking bouts that arise spontaneously in the irresistible attraction to alcohol. The first two days, with the fractional consumption of alcoholic beverages is taken the maximum dose of alcohol. In the days following the intoxication comes from all lower doses of alcohol in relation to the violation of the exchange of ethyl alcohol in the body. Deteriorating physical and mental condition. There is loss of appetite, weight loss, drop in blood pressure, shortness of breath, speech, gait, spasms of fatigue side effects of antabuse extremities, seizures. Deteriorating physical condition makes it impossible to continue the binge. Therefore, over time binges are becoming shorter (2-3 days), and the intervals between them longer. Changes in personality in alcoholism appear already in stage II and reach the degree of alcohol degradation in stage III. Formed the so-called alcoholic character. On the one hand, it would taper all the emotional reaction (grief, joy, resentment, admiration, etc.) by increasing the overall excitability. Then there slabodushie, tearfulness, especially in a state of intoxication. The patient cries of joy and sorrow. On the other hand, there is an emotional brutalization. The patient becomes selfish, indifferent to his wife and children. Disappearing sense of duty, responsibility and loss of ethical standards of conduct. All the patient’s attention is focused on only one – how to get alcohol. Drunkenness is always downplayed, and his personal qualities embellished. The patient usually does not consider himself an alcoholic (or not recognized in the others), arguing that “everyone drinks” and it “like everyone else.” At first, fake taking antabuse finding excuses, excuses, searching for ways to vypivok. This show resourcefulness, the falsity of the argument of their actions. In the future, an alcoholic has made no secret of his desire to drink, drink in any, even not very suitable for this situation, ie lost situational control. To purchase alcoholic beverages used by any means. The patient begins to take away from the house of things to sell them for a pittance, steal, beg. Alcohol humor characteristic of such patients becomes increasingly flat, crude, cynical, as well as behavior in general. Appear brutal (excessive, antisocial) forms of response, such as aggression, viciousness, violence, frank cynicism. Increasingly patients resort to the use of surrogates (denatured alcohol, cologne, medicinal tinctures, etc.). The progression of alcoholism is accompanied and social decline. The patient loses skills, descends the ladder to the transition to unskilled jobs, odd jobs and finally, a parasitic life. Family relationships are breaking down even before the divorce, children usually do not want to communicate with their fathers-alcoholics. The family retained only in cases where there is hope for healing, changing the life, or when both spouses are abused alcohol (and sometimes to the draw, and early childhood). Described personality changes usually occur after 40 years with alcohol over 20 years. Alcoholism in adolescents. Fairly common phenomenon, especially in those generic antabuse families where there is weak control over the behavior of adolescents, as well as in families of alcoholics. Of no small importance that they have spare money that they have the opportunity to earn. It should be noted that alcoholism usually begins to develop in 13-15 years, at least – at a younger age (children’s alcoholism). Teenagers drink alcohol in the company of peers, at least – adults (eg, at work, with parents). From the beginning, used large doses of alcohol, without self-control, and severe intoxication. Rapidly growing tolerance (tolerance), especially when the systematic, sometimes daily, admission of alcohol. Quite quickly formed alcohol withdrawal syndrome, in which structure is dominated by mental disorders. The character is also changing rapidly, acquiring psychopathic traits. It is expressed either in increased excitability, explosiveness with manifestations of aggression, or in loss of activity, initiative, intellectual ability, apathy. In this age often mix alcohol with drugs. Possible episodes of drug taking (in the sample, “for fun”). Alcoholism among women. Distributed to a lesser extent than men, due to the half life of antabuse historical society intolerant of women’s drinking. In addition, women themselves to some extent conceal their alcohol problems, using alcohol alone or in a circle of close friends. Most suffer from alcoholism, middle-aged women (35 to 50 years), and at first drunkenness is in the nature or episodic (situation), or cyclical, when women take alcohol as a medicine to improve the mood as sedative to relieve tension, anxiety, irritability, tearfulness, sleep disturbances, which often occur before menstruation (premenstrual syndrome – see below). In the future, and in that in both cases, reception of alcohol already become systematic (sometimes daily), or develop true binges. When a woman starts to appear in a drunken state (or in a state of hangover) at work or freshen the nip in the same circle of drunks in the morning early in the trade “points”, it shows nothing of the far come alcoholism and degradation of the individual, in these cases are usually strongly expressed moral fall women, reduction of social interests with their concentration only on the production and reception of alcohol, emotional brutalization with the loss of love for children and taking care of his own family, sexual disinhibition with random connections, without herbal antabuse considering the possible consequences. If men are more often associated alcoholism, cardiovascular disorders, some women – diseases of the gastrointestinal tract (pancreatitis, hepatitis, cholecystitis, gastritis). Treatment of alcoholism. Successful treatment of alcoholism is only possible if the patient so desires. Given the fact that alcoholics, in most cases do not consider themselves as such, you must first carry out explanatory work with them. If it fails to do in the family, you can use the services of narcologists, psychotherapists and psychiatrists. Treatment can be performed as an outpatient and in antabuse melanoma hospital. The choice of treatment conditions on the one hand, is determined by the desire of the patient, and on the other hand, depends on his mental and physical condition. In cases of severe hangover, with pronounced physical and mental disorders, in the presence of psychotic episodes in the past shown inpatient treatment.
